Approval: 1999.12

Heritage Type: Cultural and Natural Heritage Double

Heritage selection criteria: Mount Wuyi natural and cultural heritage under the selection criteria of N (III) (IV), C (III) (VI) has been included in the “World Heritage List”

The World Heritage Committee Evaluation:

Wuyi Mountain is located in southeastern China, Wuyishan City, Fujian Province, north-west, with a total area of 99,975 hectares. Mount Wuyi unique natural scenery, especially the “Danxia landform” known world. Jiuquxi Qifeng coast and cliffs, silhouetted against the clear river water, constitutes an outstanding beautiful wonderful landscape.

Wuyishan preserved a large number of intact, diverse forest, subtropical forest in Southern China, China’s largest rain forest, the most representative example. It holds a large number of ancient and rare plant species, many of which are unique to China; there is also a large number of live reptiles, amphibians and insect species.

Mount Wuyi is one of 12 saved more than a century landscapes. It has a series of outstanding archaeological sites and monuments, including those built in the 1st century BC site in Seoul, a large number of temples and with the 11th century AD, produced by the relevant College site Zhu Neo-Confucianism. Here is also the cradle of ancient Chinese Zhu Xi Neo-Confucianism. As a doctrine, Zhu Xi Neo-Confucianism in East and Southeast Asian countries occupy a dominant position over many centuries, and in philosophy and political influence in large parts of the world.

Profile:

Wuyi Mountain is located in southeastern China, Wuyishan City, Fujian Province, north-west, with a total area of 99,975 hectares. Mount Wuyi unique natural scenery, especially the “Danxia landform” known world. Jiuquxi Qifeng coast and cliffs, silhouetted against the clear river water, constitutes an outstanding beautiful wonderful landscape.

Wuyishan preserved a large number of intact, diverse forest, subtropical forest in Southern China, China’s largest rain forest, the most representative example. It holds a large number of ancient and rare plant species, many of which are unique to China; there is also a large number of live reptiles, amphibians and insect species.

Mount Wuyi is one of 12 saved more than a century landscapes. It has a series of outstanding archaeological sites and monuments, including those built in the 1st century BC site in Seoul, a large number of temples and with the 11th century AD, produced by the relevant College site Zhu Neo-Confucianism. Here is also the cradle of ancient Chinese Zhu Xi Neo-Confucianism. As a doctrine, Zhu Xi Neo-Confucianism in East and Southeast Asian countries occupy a dominant position over many centuries, and in philosophy and political influence in large parts of the world.

Natural and cultural heritage value:

Mount Wuyi declared World Cultural and Natural Heritage area

Nomination total area of 999.75 square kilometers, of which the core area of 635.75 square kilometers; the core sub-area of 364 square kilometers; the buffer zone area of 278.88 square kilometers. Including the Wuyi Mountain Scenic Area, Wuyi Mountain Nature Reserve, Wuyishan Seoul, the ancient ruins and Jiuquxi upstream part of the protected area, 4.

Wuyi declare the contents of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage

Cultural Heritage:

① gully ship coffin, more than 3750 years ago, is currently at home and abroad Cliff ruins found in the earliest age;

② Seoul ancient ruins dating back 2355 ± 70 years, during the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Minyue country town, covering an area of 22 million square meters;

③ Zhu Xi Neo-Confucianism culture, and constitute the Chinese Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty the dominant ideological and theoretical influence as far as East Asia, Southeast Asia;

④ LITHOGLYPHS, the existing 426, from the Song to Qing Dynasty, is Wuyishan ancient culture and ancient treasure house of art of calligraphy;

⑤ Guyaju left structure;

⑥ tea culture;

⑦ religious culture;

⑧ Yuqing bridge.

Natural Heritage:

Mount Wuyi is unique, rare, wonderful natural landscape, natural beauty is a rare area of human harmony with the natural environment representatives.

Wuyi Jiuquxi unique natural scenery. Jiuquxi originated forested western Wuyishan, abundant water, the water is clear, total length 62.8 kilometers, the natural bend in the river and deep under the control of the fracture direction, forming deep bend in the mountainous rock gully between the hover around the 9 .5 kilometer bend, straight-line distance of only 5 km, the curvature of 1.9. Jiuquxi both sides is a typical monoclinic Danxia topography, the distribution of the 36 peaks, 99 rocks, the top ramp, body steep, foot of slow, eastward with head held high, such as full steam ahead, imposing, strange things. Superior climate and ecological environment, but also for the peaks covered with a layer of green equipment, foothills Fengdian, Du Jian Yan Xi gully growth of green vegetation, creating a “stone on the long tree” of the spectacle, constitute a rare natural landscape landscape .

Jiuquxi scenery is the perfect combination of mountains and water, a model. The Jiuquxi linger, such as jade belt winding string pearls, the 36 peaks, 99 rocks as a single entity, in parallel with the coast of par Qifeng and smooth the cliffs, silhouetted against the clear, deep stream, constitute “a consistent Creek Mountains, two rock immortals Xiu “The unique natural beauty of mountains in the dissolved river light cast by the traditional Chinese poetic and aesthetic mood. You who take a leaf ancient bamboo rafts shunxi down, and can enjoy strange pulling show Wei, both varied and Zheng-qi Yan fighting the image of beauty; considerable Aoyama clear water, Chibi brown rocks, green trees flower color beauty; to product spring song birds, waves hit vessel, the riverbed of the hearing Penny’s point of beauty; to watch running water fish, clouds of birds, rudder work the dynamics of the US visitors; can look into the clouds around the mountain stream, fog lock Feng Yao, rain cover the mountains hazy America . And proximity to Xiuse beauty, like a walk through the fantastic landscapes gallery 100. Hill is not high there are mountains of the spirit, the water is not deep-water features set the culmination of one of the world must be called.

Mount Wuyi is the Humanities and prominent representatives of the natural harmony and unity. Wuyi Mountain Nature to provide a unique and superior environment to attract the ardent Gaoren Ascot, Fumiomi military commanders, or tour, or seclusion, or writing and apprentices, one after another, carried forward. Natural Landscape cultivate people’s temperament, and to enlighten people’s wisdom, human activities are spread developed Wuyishan, a natural landscape graced add luster. Scholars ancestors stood in Jiuqu stream sides and mountains left in a large number of cultural relics: a sword of Damocles hanging cliffs of the ship coffin, Hongru Taya’s College site, monk of the temple concept of ancient carved stone, the ancient Guan Fu to protect the water and Mount Wuyi flora and fauna sanctuaries ban firewood orders. These remains are spread all over, such as the dazzling gemstones embedded in the riverbank Wuyi mountain stream, peak Foothills summit, Grotto cliff, will people’s thoughts, feelings, wisdom, blending with the natural landscapes closer to reach the realm of Heaven and Man, giving harmony with nature itself the United States.

Mount Wuyi is the world’s key areas of biodiversity conservation is a large number of surviving ancient and rare and endangered species habitat. On behalf of the process of evolution, as well as the relationship between human beings and the natural environment a prominent example.

Wuyi save the world with the best in the same latitude subtropical native forest ecosystems, is currently the world’s best, one of sub-tropical forest, has a large number of diverse forest intact is a Chinese subtropical forest and rain forest in southern China’s largest and The most representative example. Mount Wuyi is also a clear development of vegetation vertical bands: With increased to 2158 meters above sea level, followed by the distribution of the evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous broad-leaved forest transition, warm coniferous forest, elfin forest moss, Zhongshan, Zhongshan meadow, etc. five vegetation zones, the distribution of the South hemlock, yew, boxwood lobular, Liriodendron, Wuyi Yushania and other rare plant communities, covering almost all of China in the subtropical vegetation types, and structural stability. Scenic colorful blocks, flakes distributed in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest and the native rock by nature and rich vegetation communities range of ferns.

UNESCO in 1987 as the Mount Wuyi International Network of Biosphere Reserves members. Mount Wuyi is a subtropical monsoon climate zone in the region, peaks and ridges stacked barrier height difference disparity, absolute height difference up to 1,700 meters, a good ecological environment and the unique geographical location, making it the evolution of many animal and plant geography of the “natural refuge”, is extremely rich in species resources.

Rich in plant germplasm resources. Mount Wuyi 3728 kinds of plants are known, old trees with the old, big, Jane, multi-features. Mount Wuyi is a rare, unique gene pool of wild animals. Mount Wuyi 5110 kinds of known animal species, 46 species are included in the international “Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species” (CITES), in which the black deer, leopard, Cabot’s Tragopan and other 11 species listed as a world-class protection. There are 49 species endemic to China.

Mount Wuyi is the world-famous type specimen origin, have been Chinese and foreign experts in bio-type specimen collected from more than 1000 kinds of wild animals and plants. In addition, the Wuyi Mountain of negative oxygen ions is extremely rich in resources, its comprehensive index is one of the most outstanding.

Lushan Mountain in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, located in China’s major rivers – the south bank of Yangtze River, China’s largest freshwater lake – Poyang Lake shore, is a unique horst block-style fault block mountains. River, lake, mountains seamless, rugged and beautiful hardness and softness, known for “hung, strange, dangerous, show” world-famous. Lushan rich unique culture. AD 756, the famous poet Li Bai had this praise: “I-line world. The tour is very rich landscape. Junwei sly special, there can be few who had the really spectacular thing in the world also.”

Lushan Mountain scenic area of 302 square kilometers. Perimeter protection zone, covering 500 square kilometers. Lushan Quaternary glacial remains unique. With rivers, lakes, slopes, peaks and other landscape types. Peak – big Hanyang Peak, elevation 1474 meters. Since ancient times, named after the Lushan mountains have 17l seat. Peaks between the San Bougan Ridge 26, cutting Valley 20, Cave 16. Rocks 22, crack development in the valley point of water, forming many rapids and waterfalls. Falls 22. 18 streams, lakes 14. Sandie Quan famous waterfall. Drop up to 155 meters. Lushan Hot Springs early in the fourth century. That is one of China’s famous hot springs.

Lushan rich in biological resources, ecosystem integrity. 76.6% of forest cover. More than 3,000 kinds of plants (including the introduction part), more than 2,000 species of insects, 171 kinds of birds, 33 kinds of beasts. Many animal and plant type specimens will be produced here. There are the foothills of migratory birds in Poyang Lake protected area. Protected areas found in the contemporary world’s largest crane base and white-naped crane, Cranes, etc. a total of more than 4,000 only. In 1984, the World Wildlife Fund, Prince Philip after their visit to the President pointed out: crane base of Poyang Lake is China’s “second Great Wall”

Lushan in the sub-tropical monsoon regions, surface river bordered by a lake, high mountains and deep valleys, with mountain climate characteristics. Temperature decrease with height while the summer is cool, is the world famous summer resort. 1833.5 millimeters average annual precipitation, annual average of 190.6 days foggy days, the annual average relative humidity of 78%.

Lushan area as early as Liu Qiannian ago when human activities. For a long time, people here have created a content-rich and far-reaching Lushan culture.

China’s first history books, the author of Chi Chuan Body Sima Qian, he Nam Theun Lushan, and Lushan loaded, “Records of the Historian.” Poet Tao Yuan-ming. China opened up in Lushan pastoral poetry. From the first century BC date. Xie Lingyun, Li Bai, Yi itself, Su Shi, Wang An-shih, Huang Ting-jian, Lu, Kang, Hu Shih, Kuo Mo-jo and other poets have nearly 1500 mountain climbing, more than 100 poems 4000, Poem Monument and down all over the Lushan.

The fourth century, monk Huiyuan Monastery in Lushan Jiandong, the first “Amitabha Legal Drama”; Zen Master Zhu Tao was born in Lushan Vihara, to create a “enlightenment Buddha said,”; founder of Taoism, one of the LU Xiu-quiet, built in Lushan Jane lonely concept, Pi Tibet Road by 1200 volumes. From the third century AD to the thirteenth century, Lushan religion flourished, as many as 500 temples. In 1924, the World Buddhist Conference jointly held in Lushan. The beginning of this century, there were 20 churches gathered Yu Lushan; far. Lushan still have Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Christianity, Catholicism, five major religions (faction) of the temples, churches.

Lushan has China’s first College – White Deer Grotto Academy. It is the beginning of the year hit 940, after the reconstruction is intended to expand by Zhu, carry forward the “Science”, Sui Wei inside and College First ”

The eighth century AD, tea sage Lu Yu-chuen, the Lushan Mountain Valley Curtain as a “best in the world spring” will recruit hidden spring as “the world sixth spring.” AD l014, the Lushan have a single-hole stone arch bridge – guanyinqiao so far intact, has been listed as China’s key cultural relics protection units. After the sixteenth century AD, medicine scientist Li Shi Zhen, geographers Xu Xia-ke, to create a precedent Flora of China Wu, whose? Lushan successively board to carry out scientific investigation. In modern times, geologist Li Siguang the first to discover and study in Lushan Quaternary glaciers, in turn, created Chinese Quaternary glacial theory, and the establishment of Glacier Museum; Chinese botany one of the founders of the Hussein-depth study of riding Lushan plants, the establishment of China the first Botanic Garden – Lushan Botanical Garden.

After the nineteenth century, Britain, the United States, Russia and other countries to build villas in Lushan. National government also once in the summer will be Lushan as a “summer”; Chiang Kai-shek in 1937 published War in Lushan important speech (see photo 108). After the founding of the People’s Republic, Mao Zedong three board Lushan. Hosted the world renowned 1959,196 l, 1970 years of the CPC Central Committee session of the small.

Lushan area, there are more than 20 ancient cultural sites; Middle Ages are more than 600 cultural sites. Scenic Area, there are 16 natural wonders, scenic spots 474, LITHOGLYPHS are more than 900, inscriptions of more than 300 blocks, modern buildings of more than 600 Chinese and foreign villa.

Lushan National Park (Cultural Landscape Heritage) in 1996 was listed by UNESCO as World Heritage List.

Heritage

Lushan Mountain is located in southern Taiwan and the next Tzu Pass anticline implicit handover zone, except the Triassic strata outside the region have exposed the system, structure clearly show the main process of crustal evolution.

Lushan Quaternary glacier has a unique relic, is the birthplace of the Chinese Quaternary glacial theory, Yang Lake County foothills. Left over from the last glacial monsoon circulation by the ancient winds generated by a unique group of sand dunes.

The geological structure is complicated, acting obviously. There are north-east China and north-north-east-style structure to the new China-style structure. Too many faults, the formation of a large number of peaks. Lushan is a strong increase in Quaternary fault-block mountains, rising when the Lushan occasion, surrounded by the relative subsidence, the further development of Poyang basin, followed by the formation of Poyang Lake.

The north to take up music as the main structural features, forming a series of beautiful landscapes Ridge Valley, southern and north-west by a series of fault scarp, forming majestic GAO Jun of the Wulao Feng, Xiu-Feng, Shi Menjian. Mountains and valleys in the distribution of the gully, the external development of the terraces and the valley-order. The mountains and foothills, there are ancient ground. Lushan Mountain and the Yangtze River in the intersection zone, the formation and expansion of the Poyang Lake, create a series of unique lakeside landscape, connected to the Yangtze River in Jiujiang geomorphological evolution of the Poyang Lake Island Great Plains staggered to form a variety of landscape The collection, showing a high scientific value and tourism geography and geology ornamental value.

Lushan many Qifeng rocks sink Valley waterfall spring caves, etc., forming a peculiar magnificent mountain scenery.

Clouds and frequent, cool in summer, is an outstanding characteristic of Lushan weather; soil vertical distribution of phenomena; plants demonstrates China’s Tertiary vegetation composition of the features; insect populations formed a unique Lushan.